Pumps are core equipment in domestic water supply systems. Whether for household scale, apartment buildings, or water treatment plants, selecting the right type of pump will determine the operational efficiency, equipment lifespan, and long - term operating costs. However, in practice, many units still select pumps based on subjective judgment, leading to overloading, leakage, high energy consumption, and costly maintenance.
This article outlines the essential criteria for pump selection and shares practical insights from successfully implemented projects
1. Accurately Determine Water Supply Demand
The first step is to accurately determine the system's technical parameters:
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Flow rate (Q): The volume of water that needs to be pumped per hour or per day.
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Head (H): The elevation from the suction level to the farthest or highest water supply point.
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Water source characteristics: Clean water, sand - containing water, corrosive water, hot water, etc..
Based on these factors, select the appropriate pump type with the highest efficiency at the operating point (best efficiency point - BEP), avoiding operation away from the optimal point, which may lead to premature wear or damage.
2. Selecting the appropriate pump type
Some common pump types used in domestic water supply
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Hozizontal centrifugal pump: Easy to operate, suitable for medium to large systems
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Vertical centrifugal pump: Space - saving, suitable for high - rise building or high - pressure applications
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Submersible pump: Suitable for boreholes and underground water tanks.
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Variable frequency booster pump: Automatically adjusts capacity according to demand, saving energy.
3. Considerations on materials and durability
As pumps operate continuously in a the construction materials must be corrosion - resistant, such as:
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Stainless steel shaft, pump casing made of ductile iron or stainless steel.
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Phớt bơm bằng ceramic hoặc graphite to prevent leakage
In addition, priority should be given to pumps that have IP - rated protection against dust and water, especially for submersible pumps.
4. Installation and maintenance experience
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Installation a solid and stable foundation, in the correct flow direction as indicated by the arrow
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Use check valve, isolation valves at the suction and discharge ends.
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Periodic maintenance: inspect the mechanical seal, oil, coupling, vibration, and any unusual noise during operation.
5. Some reputable brands in Vietnam
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Pentax, Ebara, Grundfos, Wilo: Suitable for large - scale systems, with good after - sales service.
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THT, APP, Panasonic, Sealand: Suitable for residential and medium - sized projects.
Conclusion
Selecting the right pump is a technical challenge that requires in - depth knowledge of both the water supply system and the characteristics of pump type. Based on practical experience from numerous projects, making the right choice from the outset can significantly reduce operating and maintenance costs while ensuring a stable and sustainable water supply in the long term.
